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Background on Sri Lanka conflict

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A look at some key facts about Sri Lanka, as violence threatens to push the island nation back to civil war.

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GEOGRAPHY: A tropical teardrop-shaped island off India's southern tip, covering 25,500 square miles. Capital is Colombo. Plantations of coconut, rubber, tea, cinnamon and other spices, with large, sparsely inhabited areas of forest and scrub land.

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PEOPLE: About 20 million, including 74 percent Sinhalese, 18 percent Tamil and 7 percent Muslim. Most Sinhalese are Buddhists, while Tamils are predominantly Hindus or Christians. The Tamil population is concentrated in the north and east, or in the central hill plantations.

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CONFLICT: Tamil rebels have been fighting since 1983 for independence or a separate homeland, claiming systematic discrimination by the Sinhalese. The main rebel group, the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, began as a guerrilla organization that made its mark by killing prominent leaders with suicide bombs, including former Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and Sri Lankan President Ranasinghe Premadasa. By the mid-1990s, the Tamil Tigers had a conventional army that fought the Sri Lankan military to a standstill. About 65,000 people have been killed in the conflict.

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CEASE-FIRE: Norway mediated a cease-fire in February 2002 and moderated six rounds of peace talks until they stalled in April 2003. While both sides are officially still committed to the truce, there has been a sharp increase in violence since December, and several hundred people have been killed.

http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20060615/ap_on_..._lanka_glance_2

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